Against Humanity Lessons From the Lords Resistance Army Review
 The seal of the International Criminal Court | |
| File no. | 02/04 |
|---|---|
| Referred by | Uganda |
| Date referred | xvi December 2003 |
| Engagement opened | 29 July 2004 (2004-07-29) |
| Incident(s) | LRA insurgency |
| Crimes | Crimes against humanity: · Enslavement · Inhumane acts · Murder · Rape · Sexual enslavement State of war crimes: · Attacks confronting civilians · Fell handling · Enlisting of children · Inducing of rape · Murder · Pillaging |
| Status of suspects | |
| Joseph Kony | Fugitive |
| Raska Lukwiya | Deceased |
| Okot Odhiambo | Deceased |
| Dominic Ongwen | Serving a 25 twelvemonth sentance |
| Vincent Otti | Fugitive, possibly deceased. |
The International Criminal Court investigation in Uganda or the situation in Uganda is an ongoing investigation by the International Criminal Court (ICC) into the Lord's Resistance Ground forces insurgency which has been taking place in northern Republic of uganda and neighbouring regions since 1987.[one] [two] The Lord'southward Resistance Army is a Christian-based group led by Joseph Kony that is accused of numerous human rights violations including massacres, the abduction of civilians, the use of child soldiers, sexual enslavement, torture, and pillaging.[3] After the government of Republic of uganda referred the matter to the ICC in December 2003, warrants of abort were issued in 2005 for Joseph Kony, Raska Lukwiya, Okot Odhiambo, Dominic Ongwen, and Vincent Otti, who became the showtime people to be indicted by the Court.[4] The proceedings against Lukwiya concluded in July 2007 post-obit his death on 12 August 2006.[5]
Background [edit]
The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) is a Christian-based rebel grouping that has been active in Uganda and neighbouring countries since 1987.[2] The LRA is led by Joseph Kony, a former religion healer who founded the group on the theology of Alice Auma's failed Holy Spirit Movement.[2] [half dozen] Kony claims to communicate with and receive instructions from spirits and from God.[six] He also claims that his insurgency is for the betterment of the Acholi people, although he has been quoted as maxim, "if the Acholi don't support united states, they must be finished".[6]
Referral [edit]
The regime of Republic of uganda referred the situation to the Courtroom on sixteen December 2003.[7] The referral was communicated via a alphabetic character sent past President Yoweri Museveni to the Prosecutor of the ICC, Luis Moreno Ocampo. The two met post-obit the referral to establish the methods of cooperation between the Office of the Prosecutor and the authorities of Uganda. The two held a press conference in London on 29 Jan 2004 to publicly announce the referral.[8] On 5 July 2004 the state of affairs was assigned to Pre-Trial Sleeping accommodation II by ICC President Philippe Kirsch.[9] Moreno Ocampo announced the outset of an official investigation on 29 July 2004.[10]
Charges [edit]
Moreno Ocampo applied to Pre-Trial Chamber II for warrants of abort for Kony, Lukwiya, Odhiambo, Ongwen and Otti on half dozen May 2005 and the warrants for all five men were issued nether seal on 8 July of that year. The warrants were unsealed on thirteen October 2005.[11]
The five men are all indicted in the same case and the indictment lists 33 crimes: 21 counts of war crimes (listed beneath equally WC) and 12 counts of crimes against humanity (listed below equally CAH). The statute column contains the reference to the crime in the articles of the Rome Statute. Not all of the counts use to all of the men, however they all apply to Joseph Kony and all but 1 applies to Vincent Otti. The counts on the indictment are as follows.[12] [13] [14] [fifteen] [16]
| Count | CAH | WC | Crime | Statute | Kony | Lukwiya | Odhiambo | Ongwen | Otti |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ane |  Y |  North | Sexual enslavement (and attempted) | Article 7(ane)(k) | Y | N | N | N | Y |
| 2 | Y | Northward | Rape | Article 7(1)(yard) | Y | North | Due north | N | N |
| 3 | N | Y | Inducing of rape | Article viii(two)(e)(half dozen) | Y | N | N | Due north | Y |
| 4 | Due north | Y | Assail confronting a civilian population | Commodity 8(2)(e)(i) | Y | Northward | N | North | Y |
| v | N | Y | Enlisting of children | Commodity 8(2)(e)(7) | Y | N | N | N | Y |
| 6 | Y | N | Enslavement | Article vii(1)(c) | Y | Y | North | Due north | Y |
| 7 | N | Y | Brutal treatment | Article 8(ii)(c)(i) | Y | Y | N | N | Y |
| 8 | Due north | Y | Attack against a civilian population | Article eight(2)(e)(i) | Y | Y | N | N | Y |
| 9 | N | Y | Pillaging | Article 8(2)(e)(five) | Y | Y | N | N | Y |
| 10 | Y | N | Murder | Commodity 7(1)(a) | Y | N | Y | Northward | Y |
| 11 | Y | N | Enslavement | Article seven(1)(c) | Y | North | Y | N | Y |
| 12 | Northward | Y | Murder | Commodity 8(ii)(c)(i) | Y | N | Y | Due north | Y |
| thirteen | Due north | Y | Enlisting of children | Commodity 8(two)(c)(i) | Y | Northward | Y | N | Y |
| xiv | Northward | Y | Attack against a civilian population | Commodity 8(2)(e)(i) | Y | N | Y | N | Y |
| 15 | Northward | Y | Pillaging | Article 8(2)(e)(v) | Y | N | Y | N | Y |
| 16 | Y | N | Murder | Commodity 7(ane)(a) | Y | N | Y | N | Y |
| 17 | N | Y | Murder | Article eight(two)(c)(i) | Y | N | Y | N | Y |
| eighteen | North | Y | Set on against a noncombatant population | Article viii(2)(e)(i) | Y | Due north | Y | N | Y |
| 19 | Due north | Y | Pillaging | Article 8(2)(e)(v) | Y | Northward | Y | N | Y |
| xx | Y | Northward | Murder | Article vii(i)(a) | Y | N | N | N | Y |
| 21 | Y | N | Enslavement | Commodity vii(1)(c) | Y | N | N | N | Y |
| 22 | Y | N | Inhumane acts | Article 7(ane)(k) | Y | North | N | N | Y |
| 23 | Due north | Y | Murder | Article 8(two)(c)(i) | Y | Northward | N | N | Y |
| 24 | Due north | Y | Fell treatment | Commodity eight(two)(c)(i) | Y | Northward | N | Northward | Y |
| 25 | N | Y | Set on against a civilian population | Article eight(ii)(e)(i) | Y | N | N | Northward | Y |
| 26 | N | Y | Pillaging | Article 8(ii)(east)(v) | Y | N | Northward | N | Y |
| 27 | Y | Northward | Murder | Article seven(1)(a) | Y | N | North | Y | Y |
| 28 | Y | Northward | Enslavement | Article 7(ane)(c) | Y | N | Due north | Y | Y |
| 29 | Y | N | Inhumane acts | Article vii(1)(k) | Y | Northward | Due north | Y | Y |
| thirty | Northward | Y | Murder | Article 8(2)(c)(i) | Y | N | N | Y | Y |
| 31 | N | Y | Cruel treatment | Article viii(two)(c)(i) | Y | Due north | North | Y | Y |
| 32 | North | Y | Set on against a civilian population | Commodity eight(two)(east)(i) | Y | Northward | Northward | Y | Y |
| 33 | N | Y | Pillaging | Article 8(two)(e)(v) | Y | N | North | Y | Y |
Court proceedings [edit]
The prosecution of the five suspects was initially consolidated into one case. However, Raska Lukwiya was dropped as a defendant following the confirmation of his death.
The Prosecutor five. Joseph Kony, Vincent Otti, Okot Odhiambo and Dominic Ongwen [edit]
Currently all four suspects are at big as fugitives and their whereabouts are unknown. On 1 June 2006 Interpol issued red notices for all the suspects.[17] Kony and Ongwen are still believed to be leading the LRA, which has since been accused of perpetrating additional crimes. Both are suspected to be in either Uganda or a neighboring country.[xviii] [19] In 2009 Odhiambo told Agence French republic-Presse that he had defected from the LRA, but would only surrender if there was a guarantee that he would not be turned over to the Courtroom.[twenty] In December 2007, BBC News reported that on ii October 2007 Otti had been executed on orders from Kony.[21] Kony afterwards confirmed Otti's death to a mediator between the Ugandan government and the LRA, however because the death has not been independently verified the Courtroom notwithstanding considers him to exist at large and the proceedings confronting him have not been suspended.[22]
Raska Lukwiya [edit]
Lukwiya'southward case was joined with other defendants' pending confirmation of his decease 12 August 2006 in a battle with the Ugandan military. After the Republic of uganda government confirmed his death, the Court terminated proceedings confronting him on 11 July 2007.[23]
References [edit]
- ^ "Prosecutor of the International Criminal Courtroom opens an investigation into Northern Republic of uganda". International Criminal Court. 2004-07-29. Retrieved 2014-04-01 .
- ^ a b c McKinley Jr., James C. (1996-04-01). "Uganda's Christian Rebels Revive War in North". The New York Times . Retrieved 2011-07-18 .
- ^ "Profile: Republic of uganda's LRA Rebels". BBC News. 2004-02-06. Retrieved xviii July 2011.
- ^ "Court moves against Republic of uganda rebels". BBC News. 2005-10-07. Retrieved 2011-07-xviii .
- ^ "Decision to Terminate the Proceedings Against Raska Lukwiya" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 2006-08-12. Retrieved 2010-07-17 .
- ^ a b c "Contour: Joseph Kony". BBC News. 2005-10-07. Retrieved 2011-08-thirteen .
- ^ "ICC-CPI-20051026-111: ICC Holds Seminar with Ugandan Judicial Regime". International Criminal Courtroom. 2005-ten-26. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ "ICC-20040129-44: President of Republic of uganda refers situation concerning the Lord'due south Resistance Regular army (LRA) to the ICC". International Criminal Courtroom. 2004-01-29. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-1: Decision Assigning State of affairs in Republic of uganda to PTC Two" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 2004-07-05. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ "ICC-OTP-20040729-65: Prosecutor of the International Criminal Courtroom opens an investigation into Northern Uganda". International Criminal Court. 2005-07-29. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ "Example The Prosecutor v. Joseph Kony, Vincent Otti, Okot Odhiambo and Dominic Ongwen". International Criminal Court. Retrieved 2011-08-30 .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-01/05-53: Warrant of Abort for Joseph Kony issued on viii July 2005 as amended on 27 September 2005" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 2005-09-27. Retrieved 2011-08-xxx .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-01/05-55: Warrant of Arrest for Raska Lukwiya" (PDF). International Criminal Courtroom. 2005-07-08. Retrieved 2011-08-30 .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-01/05-56: Warrant of Arrest for Okot Odhiambo" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 2005-07-08. Retrieved 2011-08-30 .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-01/05-57: Warrant of Arrest for Dominic Ongwen" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 2005-07-08. Retrieved 2011-08-30 .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-01/05-54: Warrant of Arrest for Vincent Otti" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 2005-07-08. Retrieved 2011-08-30 .
- ^ "ICC-OTP-20060601-138: Interpol issues offset ICC Red Notices". International Criminal Court. 2006-06-01. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ Gettleman, Jeffrey (2010-04-10). "Republic of uganda Enlists Former Rebels to Finish a War". The New York Times . Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ Claude, Omona Emma (2011-02-15). "LRA accused of killing civilians in DRC". AfricaNews. Retrieved 2010-09-21 .
- ^ "Lord's Resistance Regular army number two plans to turn himself in". Google News. Agence France-Presse. 2009-01-27. Retrieved 2011-02-25 .
- ^ "Otti 'executed by Republic of uganda rebels'". BBC News. 2007-12-21. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ Mukasa, Henry (2008-01-23). "Kony confirms Otti's death". New Vision. Archived from the original on 2011-09-26. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
- ^ "ICC-02/04-01/05-248: Decision to Finish the Proceedings Against Raska Lukwiya" (PDF). International Criminal Courtroom. 2007-07-11. Retrieved 2011-09-21 .
External links [edit]
- International Eye for Transitional Justice, Republic of uganda
- Situation in Uganda – International Criminal Court
- Kony2012 - Campaign to stimulate the arrest of Joseph Kony
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Uganda
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